منابع مشابه
Markets Come to Bits:
* Dept. of Economics and Policy Studies, 400 Decio Hall, University of Notre Dame, and Visiting Scholar, International Center for Advanced Studies, New York University. Please direct all correspondence to [email protected]. I should like to thank the audiences at CarnegieMellon, University of Stirling and the Universidad Republica de Montevideo, Uruguay, and more particularly, Matthias Klaes, D...
متن کاملWhere to Hide the Bits ?
We present a stochastic two-player zero-sum game between defender and attacker related to the security of practical steganography. The defender wants to hide a message in a cover object drawn by nature. The attacker wants to distinguish plain covers from those with a hidden message. We study the case of n-bit covers, independently but not identically distributed to allow for variation in the pr...
متن کاملHow to Recycle Random Bits
We show that modified versions of the linear congruential generator and the shift register generator are provably good for amplifying the correctness of a probabilistic algorithm. More precisely, if r random bits are needed for a BPP algorithm to be correct with probability at least 2/3, then O(r + k) bits are needed to improve this probability to 1 − 2−k. We also present a different pseudo-ran...
متن کاملHow to Privatize Random Bits
The paper investigates the extent to which a public source of random bits can be used to obtain private random bits that can be safely used in cryptographic protocols. We consider two cases: (a) the case in which the part privatizing random bits is computationally more powerful than the adversary, and (b) the case in which the part privatizing random bits has a small number of private random bi...
متن کاملBits and q-bits as versatility measures.
Using Shannon information theory is a common strategy to measure any kind of variability in a signal or phenomenon. Some methods were developed to adapt information entropy measures to bird song data trying to emphasize its versatility aspect. This classical approach, using the concept of bit, produces interesting results. Now, the original idea developed in this paper is to use the quantum inf...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature Reviews Cancer
سال: 2015
ISSN: 1474-175X,1474-1768
DOI: 10.1038/nrc3966